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Węglowodany

Węglowodany

Węglowodany

Węglowodany są przede wszystkim źródłem energii. Wyróżnia się dwa rodzaje węglowodanów: proste i złożone, przy czym dla organizmu ludzkiego bardziej wskazane są te drugie, ponieważ dużo szybciej organizm potrafi czerpać z nich energię.


Cukry proste zawarte np. w słodyczach, bardzo szybko są trawione, co podnosi poziom glukozy we krwi. Organizm zamienia potem glukozę w tłuszcz i w ten sposób się tyje. Natomiast węglowodany złożone zawarte np. w ciemnym pieczywie czy fasoli, trawione są powoli, dzięki czemu do krwiobiegu trafiają w małych ale stałych porcjach. Zapobiega to przed skokami poziomu insuliny, ponieważ przez dłuższy czas organizm zużywa glukozę. Spożywając więc węglowodany złożone, chronimy się przed huśtawką glikemiczną, czyli dużą różnicą poziomów cukru we krwi.

Pewien czas temu wprowadzono Indeks Glikemiczny. Jego wielkość pokazuje, jak na zawartość cukru we krwi wpływa dany produkt. Indeks ten odzwierciedla lepiej wpływ produktów na zawartość cukru we krwi od zwykłego podziału węglowodanów na proste i złożone. Węglowodany powinny w diecie stanowić mniej więcej połowę ogólnej wartości energetycznej. Powinno temu towarzyszyć ograniczanie tłuszczów.